))
FM4 - Charts
…
continue reading
Stand-up comic Howard Kremer (Comedy Central, Austin Stories, Beavis & Butthead), along with Producer/Musician Brett Morris (Earwolf, Comedy Bang Bang World, Man Man) bring on your favorite comedians to count down the top 5 songs and movies of the week, which always leads to off-the-wall discussion and tangents. Don't miss the final Hot Picks chart, where the gang each brings in their favorite new song you may have missed! Subscribe at www.whochartedpod.com to support the show, and gain acce ...
…
continue reading
A monthly look at wrestling's territorial era with a unique statistical bent, hosted by Al Getz and Jon Boucher
…
continue reading
The Broken Pie Chart Podcast offers fresh looks at investment portfolio management, economics, markets, retirement planning, and more by simplifying and explaining important aspects of financial markets and the economy in easy to understand ways.
…
continue reading
Welcome to Stygian Charters! Join us as we explore the dark waters of the strange and unexplained, where we will discuss a variety of topics such as: the paranormal, attempting to discern conspiracy truth from conspiracy theory, the occult, nephilim, cryptids, secret societies and mystery schools, Christian eschatology, decoding the Bible and biblical prophecy, esoteric symbolism, the darker parts of history and humanity, true crime, and so much more!
…
continue reading
The Charter Podcast is where you can find everything you need to know about the Chicago Bears. Postgame reaction, interviews, and game previews. We’ll provide you with latest and have some fun along the way. New episodes available every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday throughout the season.
…
continue reading
Podcast by Sean McLaughlin & Steve Strazza
…
continue reading
"Right of the Chart" is a podcast where host Shawn Vincent delves into the key takeaways for self-guided stock market traders based on recent market action.
…
continue reading
Welcome to the Charts & Hearts Podcast! We are working our way through an epic list of rom coms in order to find and categorize tropes in the hopes of creating the nerdiest spreadsheet podcasts have ever seen. Join us as we watch old favs and new(er) hits with some hot takes and maybe even a little bit of science.
…
continue reading
Hit Chart Top 20: la classifica settimanale delle 20 canzoni più votate dagli ascoltatori con Matolas & Claudia in compagnia di ospiti e news sul mondo musicale e non solo.
…
continue reading
Charts-Moderator Christian Mederitsch präsentiert dir die besten neuen Hits aus den UK-Charts in 60 Sekunden! (Fotocredit: viperagp / Adobe Stock)
…
continue reading
Season 1 - The future of professional skills and learning in banking Season 2- Leadership for all Season 3 - Green Conversations
…
continue reading
Off the Chart with Medical Economics features lively and informative conversations with health care experts, opinion leaders, and practicing physicians, about the challenges facing medical practices today. New episodes release every two weeks. Off the Chart with Medical Economics Staff Host: Keith Reynolds Contributors: Chris Mazzolini, Todd Shryock, Richard Payerchin Inquiries: Please email Host Keith Reynolds (mailto:kreynolds@mjhlifesciences.com) with feedback, questions, guest suggestion ...
…
continue reading
Moderator Christian Mederitsch präsentiert dir die besten neuen Hits aus den US-Charts in 60 Sekunden! (Fotocredit: viperagp / Adobe Stock)
…
continue reading
Chart your Career is a podcast from Heidi Rose Robbins and Ellen Fondiler. Each podcast episode explores a question from two listeners as they try to navigate their dilemmas about career choices and life purpose. Heidi works deeply with the language and guidance of astrology while Ellen offers inspiring, actionable, practical next career steps. They help listeners reimagine how to best design your life and call in renewal, reinvention and a new chapter.
…
continue reading
Mark Pack and guests talk about the Liberal Democrats, British politics and a few stray digressions. Only a few.
…
continue reading
Children's Hospital Colorado experts examine the latest treatment options for the most common chief complaints in pediatric medicine. We will talk about significant research and advances in pediatric medicine, the nuanced art of practicing pediatrics and everything in between.
…
continue reading
Jede Woche sammelt die 1LIVE-Comedyredaktion Pannen, Patzer und Peinlichkeiten. Immer freitags gibt es hier die aktuellen Platzierungen und Neuvorstellungen zum Mitnehmen. Abstimmen könnt Ihr auf 1LIVE.de. Ein 1LIVE-Podcast, © WDR 2022
…
continue reading
Looking for answers to the questions you don't want to Google? Not sure where to get help when your sexual life is on the rocks and everything the secular culture has to offer is only making things worse? Welcome to Charting Toward Intimacy where you learn to actually enjoy and desire good, holy sex with your spouse. Hosted by Ellen Holloway, Catholic Sex and Intimacy Coach.
…
continue reading
Podcast about where and how to have a great time on a yacht. Middle East, Europe, Mediterranean, Atlantic - an overview of the best places for yachting.
…
continue reading
Follow the markets and improve your knowledge of stock and ETF movements. Every day the markets are open we chart the overall market, the S&P 500 and the NASDAQ (tech stocks), plus Gold. In just a few short minutes you can update yourself on what's really going on in the stock market. At the end of every week, we give you an overview of what happened over the last five days and what's on the calendar for the next trading week. No hype, just analysis!
…
continue reading
Moderator Christian Mederitsch präsentiert dir die beliebtesten Hits aus der kronehit smart app. Du hast es in der Hand! Deine Likes, Dislikes und Swipes entscheiden wie die Charts aussehen. Die Top 5 zusammengefasst in 60 Sekunden! Smart Charts in 60 Sekunden ist der perfekte Podcast für alle, die sich über die neuesten Musiktrends informieren wollen. Mehr bei uns online auf charts.kronehit.at !
…
continue reading
SIS research analyst Bryce Rossler, former NFL scout Matt Manocherian, and the Football staff of Sports Info Solutions (SIS) discuss all things NFL and college football through an analytical lens.
…
continue reading
An innovative podcast from HealthPartners about diversity, equity, inclusion and anti-racism that asks candid questions. Join hosts Kari Haley, MD, and Steven Jackson, MD, plus leading guest experts, as they help expand the definition of healthy communities through open dialogue and conversations.
…
continue reading
Charting Wealth's Weekly Video Stock Market Review and Forecast. We look at what happened over the previous week, review the weekly and daily charts for the Total Market, SP 500 and NASDAQ 100, as well as Gold. Additionally, we discuss events that moved the markets over the past week and upcoming events that may have an impact over the next week.
…
continue reading
1
Charter: A Course - A podcast about Canadian Constitutional Law & Litigation
David Asper Center for Constitutional Rights
About the Series Charter: A Course is a podcast created by the David Asper Centre for Constitutional Rights (the Asper Centre) and hosted by the Asper Centre’s Executive Director Cheryl Milne. Charter: A Course focuses on Canadian constitutional law and litigation. In each episode, we highlight the accomplishments of U of T Law’s faculty and alumni involved in leading constitutional cases and issues. Each episode also includes a “Practice Corner,” where we talk about the ins and outs of what ...
…
continue reading
Welcome to “Off the Charts" the podcast that digs up original local music from yesterday so you can hear it today!Off the Charts" features stories and music from unsigned local bands mainly from 70’s, 80’s, 90's. They never made it onto the charts but they did make music that should be heard! Our purpose is to “dig” this music out (sometimes out of boxes and drawers ) and bring it to life online for new and old listeners to enjoy. Look for a new episode on the 28th of each month.If you are a ...
…
continue reading
Early Europe and Colonial America’s
…
continue reading
…
continue reading
Jed Wallace brings you the people who are at the heart of the charter school movement. Listen to Jed chat with experienced school leaders, policymakers, funders, parents, and community members about the future of public education and charter schools. Episodes also available as video on YouTube.
…
continue reading
Superior Charter Township, Michigan is comprised of Superior People doing Superior Projects in support of Superior Places... These are their stories.
…
continue reading
…
continue reading
Military time is a way of telling time that uses a 24-hour clock instead of the usual 12-hour clock. In this system, the day starts at midnight (00:00) and ends at 23:59. It’s called “military time” because it’s often used by the military, but many other groups use it too.
…
continue reading
Talking all things OTC
…
continue reading
SaaS founders and innovators share their story! ChartMogul's SaaS Open Mic podcast talks to the most inspiring innovators behind high-growth subscription businesses, identifying key components of their success. ChartMogul helps thousands of businesses use data to understand their customers and reach sustainable growth.
…
continue reading
In the 90s four ladies started a rap battle in a Manitoba correctional facility. This is the story of Miss Minj, Chop Suzzy, Cuddles, and Chartreuse. Chartreuse's Epic Rap Battle is a serialized comedy, audio drama. Listen for free on your favorite podcast platform such as Spotify, Apple Podcast, Sticher, and Amazon Music.
…
continue reading
Business finance services encompass a broad range of offerings designed to help businesses manage their financial operations effectively.
…
continue reading
Charta is a dramatic audio podcast created, written, directed and produced by Dereck Fahie. The show is set at the fictional “Breakwall Marina,” charter yacht company office in the Virgin Islands. The series follows two struggling boat captains Deni Mesa, a former Coast Guardsman, and his former shipmate Steve Roberts. Migrant smuggling is the engine that drives the show. There are five main cast members Deni Mesa, Steve Roberts, Sandra Nelson, Joe Gilbert and Kris Imani. Additionally, the m ...
…
continue reading
Owen, Michael, Allen, Kobe Cover art photo provided by Daniele Levis Pelusi on Unsplash: https://unsplash.com/@yogidan2012
…
continue reading
Eric Peterson and Adrian Sampson tend to have opinions about the week’s hottest jams. Each week, they kindly offer to deliver these thoughts directly into your earholes.
…
continue reading
Nuovo appuntamento con Matolas & Claudia. Ospiti Lasersight, Krifa e SouadHit Chart Top 20 による
…
continue reading
1
S1 Ep44: Noncompete clauses with Emma Schuering, JD
29:26
29:26
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
29:26
Medical Economics Managing Editor Todd Shryock and attorney Emma Schuering, of the Polsinelli law firm discuss non-compete agreements in health care.Medical Economics による
…
continue reading
1
MicroStrategy Market Cap vs Bitcoin | Valuations Getting Frothy ? | Yields vs Fed Cuts | Second Inflation Surge? | US Dollar Problem | Nvidia Options
49:05
49:05
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
49:05
Derek Moore and Jay Pestrichelli talk through the latest market action including the forward PE ratio looking frothy, yields continue rising, probability of rate cuts dropping, and when and if the US Dollar strength will be a problem. Plus, talking about Barron’s article comparing the market cap of MicroStrategy vs the value of their Bitcoin holdin…
…
continue reading
Dennis Wilborn talks about how a trader's attitude about being "rich" can affect their performance in the stock market. Dennis prefers the word "wealthy" to "rich." He suggests being rich is temporary, but being wealthy means you can leave a legacy that can last for generations. Hear more from Dennis on his YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/…
…
continue reading
Ellen is joined by co-host Meire Santos - a psychotherapist who combines her psychological expertise with Esoteric Psychology and Astrology. They begin by commiserating about the election and talking about some of the better podcasts and articles they have read this past week. They then take a question from Lydia who is looking for a career that al…
…
continue reading
1
Market Pulse Daily: Stocks, Bonds, Gold & Bitcoin Insights, Friday, November 22, 2024
9:12
9:12
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
9:12
It takes as much energy to wish as it does to plan. — Eleanor Roosevelt Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page to sharing. Find me on TradingView at Thom Goolsby. Here at Charting Wea…
…
continue reading
Comedian Lizzy Cooperman returns to the charts. Make sure to go see her on tour! Topics include: Snowman Carrot, The Cure Hair Origins, Douche Minutiae. Subscribe at www.whochartedpod.com to support the show, and gain access to Two Charted, the weekly Howard/Brett deep-dive bonus show, and the entire Who Charted and Preem Streem archives ad-free! N…
…
continue reading
For this episode we welcome special guest Heidi Luv! Heidi is a beautiful, resilient and courageous soul, who has faced and overcome many adversities within her life, including spending 34 harrowing years within the LDS/Mormon Church before escaping its clutches. She is a top notch researcher and has her own podcast, Unfiltered Rise, where she cove…
…
continue reading
1
Eberflus criticism and the Chicago Bears Vibe Check
42:18
42:18
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
42:18
Alex Shapiro and Ruthie Polinsky talk about the criticism that has followed Matt Eberflus following his decision making at the end of the Packers game. Alex breaks down the differences he saw in the offense after reviewing the All-22. Ruthie points out the things the Bears can do against the Vikings offense. Also the debut of Vibe Check!…
…
continue reading
1
Market Pulse Daily: Stocks, Bonds, Gold & Bitcoin Insights, Thursday, November 21, 2024
8:29
8:29
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
8:29
A man becomes wise when he learns to filter the signal from the noise and the truth from the lies to find the diamonds in the dirt. — Thom Goolsby Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my pa…
…
continue reading
1
Market Pulse Daily: Stocks, Bonds, Gold & Bitcoin Insights, Wednesday, November 20, 2024
10:11
10:11
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
10:11
Happiness is not in the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort. — Franklin D. Roosevelt Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page t…
…
continue reading
From startups to global corporations, CEOs have the power to make immense strides in any respective industry. In pediatric medicine, they drive advancements in child health through high-quality care, coordinated programs, education, research and advocacy. While providers are working directly with patients, these leaders are preparing the infrastruc…
…
continue reading
Die besten Songs der Woche. Die Playlist zu den FM4 ChartsFM4 による
…
continue reading
1
Market Pulse Daily: Stocks, Bonds, Gold & Bitcoin Insights, Tuesday, November 19, 2024
6:45
6:45
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
6:45
Simplicity is prerequisite for reliability. — Edsger Dijkstra Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page to sharing. Find me on TradingView at Thom Goolsby. Here at Charting Wealth, we fo…
…
continue reading
1
S4E5: Section 32(1) of the Charter: Application to Quasi-Government Bodies
1:03:35
1:03:35
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
1:03:35
Charter: A Course A podcast about Canadian Constitutional Law & Litigation Season 4, Episode 5: Section 32(1) of the Charter: Application to Quasi-Government Bodies About the Series Charter: A Course is a podcast created by the David Asper Centre for Constitutional Rights (the Asper Centre) and hosted by the Asper Centre’s Executive Director Chery…
…
continue reading
Anhören, lachen, abstimmen!1LIVE による
…
continue reading
In this episode, Ellen discusses the common habit of saying no to sex initiated by a spouse. She shares her personal experience of realizing this habit and challenges listeners to reflect on their reasons for frequently declining intimacy. Ellen encourages evaluating whether these reasons are genuine or simply habitual excuses, urging a more mindfu…
…
continue reading
Alex Shapiro and Clay Harbor react to the Bears losing to the Packers after having a game-winning field goal attempt blocked. What is the feeling in the locker room after the game? They evaluate how Caleb Williams and the offense looked in their first game with Thomas Brown as play-caller. How do the Bears approach the rest of the season with the p…
…
continue reading
Die besten Songs der Woche: Die Top 25 von FM4FM4 による
…
continue reading
1
FOX NFL reporter Carmen Vitali previews Bears-Packers
29:12
29:12
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
29:12
Ruthie Polinsky and Alex Shapiro are joined by Carmen Vitali who covers the NFL for FOX Sports. She brings us the national perspective on how the week has shaken out for the Bears. They talk about what new OC Thomas Brown needs to bring to get Caleb Williams and the offense back on track. Also Jordan Love's keys to success and the impact of Xavier …
…
continue reading
1
Market Compass Weekly: Stocks, Bonds, Gold & Bitcoin Forecast, Monday, November 18, 2024
12:50
12:50
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
12:50
Success is a game of choice where you control the odds by your enthusiastic, persistence and drive. — Thom Goolsby Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page to sharing. Find me on Tradin…
…
continue reading
1
Market Compass Weekly: Stocks, Bonds, Gold & Bitcoin Forecast, Monday, November 18, 2024
12:50
12:50
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
12:50
Success is a game of choice where you control the odds by your enthusiastic, persistence and drive. — Thom Goolsby Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page to sharing. Find me on Tradin…
…
continue reading
Steven Place has been around the block. He’s been through the ringer. And he has the scars to prove it.A former Rocket Scientist, Steven is a self-taught options trader who’s been plying his craft for nearly two decades.He has spent a lot of time studying options analytics and “hacking” execution strategies to create better outcomes for himself. An…
…
continue reading
1
Market Pulse Daily: Stocks, Bonds, Gold & Bitcoin Insights, Friday, November 15, 2024
6:24
6:24
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
6:24
Success is a game of choice where you control the odds by your enthusiastic, persistence and drive. — Thom Goolsby Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page to sharing. Find me on Tradin…
…
continue reading
This month Al Getz and Jon Boucher discuss the Pittsburgh wrestling territory in 1971, including a look at Newton Tattrie, who purchased the promotion from Bruno Sammartino in '71.. They also look at the roster, the towns they ran, the biggest feuds, and a lot more about the territory and how it operated. Plus a Gordon Solie's Championship Wrestlin…
…
continue reading
In this episode of the SIS Off the Charts Football Podcast, On this episode, Bryce Rossler (@btrossler), Alex Vigderman (@vigmanoncampus), James Weaver (@j_weaver97)and Matt Manocherian (@mattmano) break down four intriguing NFL matchups. Seahawks vs 49ers - Impact of injuries for both teams - Christian McCaffrey's role in the game Ravens vs. Steel…
…
continue reading
Aber schafft sie es auf Platz 1?
…
continue reading
Der Sänger holt sich die Spitze zurück!
…
continue reading
1
EP: 16 Guest Professor WHAM - Ohio’s Dark History: How a Land Saturated in Bloodshed Gave Rise to One of the Most Paranormal States in the U.S.
1:41:00
1:41:00
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
1:41:00
Listen, Ohio is weird. Despite it being my home state (which I love dearly), it’s hard to deny there’s something strange going on within it. It’s quite the paranormal extravaganza, and is often ranked anywhere from the top three to top five most haunted states in the U.S. It has a bit of it all, from hauntings, UFOs, cryptids, ancient burial mounds…
…
continue reading
1
Market Pulse Daily: Stocks, Bonds, Gold & Bitcoin Insights, Thursday, November 14, 2024
10:18
10:18
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
10:18
Wouldn't it be great to be gifted? In fact... It turns out that choices lead to habits. Habits become talents. Talents are labeled gifts. You're not born this way, you get this way. — Seth Godin Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: …
…
continue reading
Ist es Lady Gaga oder doch Gigi Perez?
…
continue reading
1
Alex Shapiro, live from Halas Hall, on the Bears' struggles and the post-Waldron era.
36:13
36:13
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
36:13
Alex Shapiro returns to the podcast with Ruthie Polinsky. Alex gives his perspective on the Bears' recent struggles. They talk about Thomas Brown bringing a different approach and focus to the offense. They look back at the hiring process that landed Shane Waldron in Chicago. Matt Eberflus acknowledging his struggles to identify a play-caller. Inju…
…
continue reading
Comedian Brodie Reed returns to the charts! Topics include: Mobyvember, League of their Eilish, Deathcab for Clairol, Headphones On Stage. Subscribe at www.whochartedpod.com to support the show, and gain access to Two Charted, the weekly Howard/Brett deep-dive bonus show, and the entire Who Charted and Preem Streem archives ad-free! Now includes th…
…
continue reading
1
Market Pulse Daily: Stocks, Bonds, Gold & Bitcoin Insights, Wednesday, November 13, 2024
6:17
6:17
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
6:17
Motivation is what gets you started. Habit is what keeps you going. — Jim Ryun Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page to sharing. Find me on TradingView at Thom Goolsby. Here at Chart…
…
continue reading
The most common congenital viral infection in children is cytomegalovirus infection (CMV). Oftentimes the mother will experience little to no symptoms, but the virus can significantly affect the newborn, with outcomes ranging from no symptoms to severe systemic and intercranial complications. What if we could prevent this infection all together wit…
…
continue reading
Die besten Songs der Woche. Die Playlist zu den FM4 ChartsFM4 による
…
continue reading
1
Market Pulse Daily: Stocks, Bonds, Gold & Bitcoin Insights, Tuesday, November 12, 2024
8:23
8:23
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
8:23
The fools in life want things fast and easy — money, success, attention. — Robert Greene Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page to sharing. Find me on TradingView at Thom Goolsby. Her…
…
continue reading
Nuovo appuntamento con Matolas & Claudia per la Hit Chart Top 20. In questa puntata saranno nostri ospiti le Tigri da Soggiorno e Lele Pascu che ci presenteranno i loro nuovi singoli e i progetti futuri. Inoltre appuntamento con Happy 20th Anniversary e la première del nuovo singolo di Elodie & Tiziano Ferro "Feeling".…
…
continue reading
1
Bears drop 3rd straight game, stunned by Patriots
51:30
51:30
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
51:30
The Chicago Bears lose 19-3 to the New England Patriots. Michael Bolling, Kevin Lapka, and Clay Harbor are back to react to the stunning performance. In a game looked at as a bounce back spot, the Bears were held to only 3 points and Matt Eberflus' seat is hotter than ever.Chicago Sports Network による
…
continue reading
1
S1 E5 | Banking Transformations: A Deep Dive into Modern Payment Services
18:55
18:55
「あとで再生する」
「あとで再生する」
リスト
気に入り
気に入った
18:55
Hosted by Andrew Shiels, Fellow at the Chartered Banker Institute
…
continue reading
It’s Sandra Bullock month here at Charts and we are kicking things off with The Proposal and oh BOY do we have some THOUGHTS. Strap in… Join our Patreon: patreon.com/chartsandheartsclubCharts & Hearts による
…
continue reading
