Study Shows Regular Social Interaction Helps Prevent Dementia

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Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh have discovered that people who socialize regularly are less likely to develop dementia. Previous studies have found a correlation between people diagnosed with dementia and a reduced amount of gray matter, the tissue that forms the brain. According to a new study, regular social engagement may help maintain the health of the brain’s gray matter. The researchers found that even low levels of social engagement can activate gray matter regions that are responsible for recognizing familiar people, processing emotions, making decisions, and feeling rewarded. Socializing often helps keep gray matter intact, preventing or delaying dementia. The researchers interviewed 300 participants with an average age of 83. The participants were asked how much social interaction they usually had and if they lived with other people. They then underwent a special brain scan used to diagnose Alzheimer's and other mental conditions. Participants who actively engaged in social activities such as going to church and doing volunteer work with others at least once a week were found to have better gray matter structure. This finding suggests that they have healthier brain cells, indicating a lower risk of dementia. The data for the study was collected before the Covid-19 pandemic, when social distancing was not yet necessary. However, the researchers believe that their findings are still relevant at the moment, since social isolation may increase the risk of dementia for older adults. Study lead author Dr. Cynthia Felix said that it is important to inform older adults about the significance of seeking out social engagement for their brain health, even during the pandemic.